0°C, dry winters), Infrequent – as possible contaminant of commercial agricultural seed, NatureServe; USA ESA listing as endangered species, Competition - monopolizing resources; Competition (unspecified); Ecosystem change / habitat alteration, Keil and Ochsmann (2006) Flora of America, Centaurea decipiens subsp. Britton, C. jacea x nigra, C. pratensis Thuill., and C. debauxii subsp. Malag. Distribution data are likely to be incomplete due to under-recording. The scientific name for meadow knapweed has changed many times. Hogweed Heracleum sphondylium Herb-Robert Geranium robertianum Japanese knotweed Fallopia japonica Jointed rush Juncus articulatus Smooth meadow-grass Poa pratensis Knotweed sp. UK: Cambridge University Press. Seeds are relatively heavy and although they may possess a pappus (short bristles), they are not adapted to wind dispersal like a dandelion’s. Impacts: Meadow knapweed out-competes grasses and other pasture species, reducing grass productivity for forage though sheep find it quite edible. Invasive Plants in Pennsylvania: Black, Brown and Spotted Knapweed (PDF | 1.2 MB) Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide. Taxonomy of Centaurea is acknowledged to be difficult. New flora of the British Isles., UK: Cambridge University Press. 4. Nomenclature is perhaps more straightforward than taxonomy for C. debeauxii. Further introductions have since taken place. There is some risk of long-distance accidental introduction where seed contaminates other agricultural crops (included in seed crops such as lucerne). Ministry of Forests. Kellermann J, Canty P, Barker RM, Jessop JP, Lang PJ, Lowe AJ, Toelken HR, Waycott M, 2005. USDA-NRCS, 2015. It occurs predominantly in coastal Washington and Oregon, but is also found in moister, cooler habitats of the interior, e.g. [Tutin, T. G.; Heywood, V. H.; Burges, N. A.; Moore, D. M.; Valentine, D. H.; Walters, S. M.; Webb, D. A. : Flora Europaea. It was reportedly introduced to the UK in 1805 and its … Characteristics. Scientific name: Centaurea scabiosa. CEVO2: Centaurea vochinensis Bernh. Gallery: Common names: Meadow Knapweed Scientific Name: Centaurea x moncktonii (syns: C. pratensis, C. jacea x nigra, C.nigra var. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Meadow knapweed is a … Somewhat thistle-like, common knapweed can be identified by its slightly spherical black/brown flower head, growing alone, topped with an inflorescence of purple, pink or (more rarely) white. Stace C, 2010. In its native range C. debeauxii is often encountered as a plant of pastures and meadows: the species is quite tolerant of grazing (or mowing several times a year) and will easily produce flowers and seed on short stems near ground level where it cannot grow to full height (Miller and Lucero, 2014). Centaurea L. In: Flora Europaea, volume 4. Meadow knapweed is native to Europe and is likely a fertile hybrid between black (C. nigra L.) and brown (C. jacea L.) knapweeds. In natural and semi-natural plant communities, it threatens rarer endemics such as the rough popcorn flower (Plagiobothrys hirtus). However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. López-Alvarado J, Sáez L, Filigheddu R, Garcia-Jacas N, Susanna A, 2014. Current Extent: limited . Primary Common name: meadow knapweed . Viegi L, Vangelisti R, Pacini E, 2003. Taxonomic and nomenclatural revision of Centaurea subjacea (Asteraceae-Cardueae) and similar taxa. Common Name: Diffuse knapweed Scientific Name: Centaurea diffusa (Lam.) Meadow knapweed out-competes grasses and other pasture species and is difficult to … squarrosa, has a more limited distribu-tion in the West. The insect-pollinated, composite flowerheads of C. debeauxii are made up of 40-100 individual flowers (Keil and Ochsmann, 2006). Dispersal occurs as seed falls near the parent plant or is transported a short distance by wind, or by water in streamside habitats (Roché et al., 2003). UK: Oxford University Press. Its leaves are linear to lance-like in shape with incomplete lobes. Likelihood of Introduction: n/a (already in CA) TSN: 36956 . Leaves: Basal leaves are up to 6 inches (15.2 cm) long, tapering at both ends and having the broadest part above the middle of the leaf. Common Name Scientific Name. Scientific name is the name conforming to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN). Tifton, GA 31793. The Plant List: a working list of all plant species. ex Rchb. Each capitulum (flowerhead) is covered on the outside by scale-like rows of involucral bracts (phyllaries). Scientific Name Other Common Names; CEDET: Centaurea debeauxii Gren. & Godr. Roché CT, Roché BF Jr, 1991. Despite its invasive status, gardeners plant it as an ornamental or as a pollen source for honeybees. Optimal control is achieved with applications when plants are growing rapidly, from rosette to bolting stage, but treating regrowth in autumn is also effective. Meadow knapweed, from Europe, is a hybrid of black and brown knapweeds. This taxon is closely related and often recorded as an introduced species in the northern American flora; like some other taxa in this complex, it is debatable whether it should be recognized at the rank of species. C. debeauxii has probably been introduced to North America multiple times (Keil and Ochsmann, 2006), perhaps in shipping ballast and perhaps bringing the full genetic payload of a hybrid swarm (Susanna and Roché, 2011). The heads are solitary at the ends of the upper branches. 2360 Rainwater Road. Meadow Knapweed. How would I identify it? Meidinger D, Lee T, Douglas GW, Britton G, MacKenzie W, Qian H, 2004. Growth is openly branching, stems are slender and somewhat rough to the touch. Meadow Knapweed. Centaurea L section Phrygia Pers - Phylogeny and biogeography. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Species recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1. decipiens. It forms a rosette in the first autumn of growth before bolting the following spring. Roché CT, Johnson DE, Coombs E, 2003. A B 5 Descriptions adapted from Roche and Roche, 1993. The bracts of C. debeauxii are intermediate between its hybrid parents. The ornamentation on the edges of its bracts may be brown or tan in colour, and do not overlap the neighbouring bracts so as to obscure them fully (Stace, 2010). It may also be referred to as C. pratensis, C. nigrescens, C. x moncktonii, C. debeauxii ssp. Contact Details. 5 : Betony . The ragged-edged, purple flower heads of Greater knapweed bloom on sunny chalk grasslands and clifftops, and along woodland rides. Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae. The uppermost portion of flowering stems, just below the capitulum, is quite swollen in C. nigra and only slightly swollen in C. debeauxii (Stace, 2010) and the basal rosette leaves of C. debeauxii are often more deeply lobed than those of C. nigra. Meadow Knapweed. giant knapweed; Other Scientific Names. Cultivation followed by a “cleanup” crop of hay or a green manure (which may also be sprayed to control remaining C. debeauxii), followed by re-seeding with permanent forage species, is a viable option on agricultural land (DiTomaso, 2013). It is well adapted to western Washington, where it invades pastures, parks, lawns, industrial sites, tree farms, vacant lands, railroads and roadsides. http://plants.usda.gov/. Preferred Scientific Name; Centaurea debeauxii Preferred Common Name; meadow knapweed Taxonomic Tree; Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Dicotyledonae; Summary of Invasiveness In the Pacific Northwest, its distribution is expanding fast in damp meadows and riparian habitats (Roché and Roché, 1991). Scientific name: Centaurea pratensis Thuill. The basal rosette leaves are entire to deeply lobed and slightly hairy; stem leaves are small and without a stalk (sessile). Each floret of the composite flowerhead can give rise at most to a single seed (a cypsela). Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 12(1):61-77. http://revistas.inia.es/index.php/sjar/article/view/4617/2001. It is a fertile hybrid between brownray knapweed and lesser knapweed. Flora of South Australia., Adelaide, Australia: State Herbarium of South Australia. Stems: There are usually few to several stems with many branches. Appearance Centaurea x moncktonii is an herbaceous, perennial weed, living 3-5 years on average. Native To: Europe (Zouhar 2001) Date of U.S. Introduction: Late 1800s (Zouhar 2001) Means of Introduction: Accidentally through contaminated seed or ballast (Zouhar 2001) Impact: Crowds out native species … Delimiting species within Centaurea is often problematic due to its tendency to hybridize (Marsden-Jones and Turrill, 1954). by et al]. micranthos (Gugler) Hayek (ITIS) Synonym: Centaurea biebersteinii DC., Centaurea maculosa auct. ], [ed. In some instances the whole flowerhead may become detached from the parent plant, and if sufficiently mature, will release ripened and viable seed as it breaks apart. debeauxii (Godr. CABI is a registered EU trademark. ex Rchb.) Scientific name: Centaurea pratensis Thuill. Koch) Celak. New flora of the British Isles. Scientific name: Centaurea pratensis Thuill. thuilleri. As this hybrid can arise spontaneously wherever C. nigra and C. jacea occur together, and as it is morphologically quite similar to C. nigra and C. nigrescens, it may be under-recorded. Volume 4. […] Appearance Centaurea x moncktonii is an herbaceous, perennial weed, living 3-5 years on average. Some animal (including bird) dispersal may occur (diTomaso, 2013). Generate a print friendly version containing only the sections you need. Spotted knapweed, Centaurea stoebe, is perhaps the most wide-spread species, followed in abundance by diffuse knapweed, C. diffusa. Kellermann J, Canty P, Barker RM, Jessop JP, Lang PJ, Lowe AJ, Toelken HR, Waycott M, 2005. NRCS Code. Grass crop biomass is increased and weed biomass successfully reduced through treatments; both chemicals can be used pre-emergence as well as on growing plants (DiTomaso et al., 2013). Common Name Scientific Name (eflora link) Invasiveness Class 1 Baby's-breath Gypsophila paniculata Invasive 2 Bishop’s Goutweed Aegopodium podagraria Invasive 3 Black knapweed Centaurea nigra Extremely Invasive 4 Black medic Medicago lupulina Aggressive 5 Bladder campion Silene cucubalus Aggressive 6 Blueweed Echium vulgare Very Invasive Scientific Name: Centaurea x moncktonii (syns: C. pratensis, C. jacea x nigra, C.nigra var. Weed Control in Natural Areas in the Western United States., Weed Research and Information Center, University of California. C. debeauxii is considered a noxious weed in Alberta and British Columbia, Canada (Meidinger et al., 2004) and Washington, Idaho, Oregon and Colorado, USA (Keil and Ochsmann, 2006, diTomaso, 2013) and is expanding rapidly in the Pacific Northwest (Roché and Roché, 1991). & Gordon (Asteraceae, Cardueae), an European species, new for Uruguay. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Capitula may be rayed or rayless. © Copyright 2020 CAB International. A detailed overview of these insects as control agents, their identification in the field, and the stages at which they will attack knapweeds is provided in Wilson and Randall (2005). Application with a weed-wiper may be the best method in small areas: where a sprayer is used, patches of dead vegetation have to be re-seeded as these can otherwise be re-colonized from the seedbank (DiTomaso et al., 2013). radiata, C. debeauxii) Description: Meadow knapweed is an herbaceous perennial in the Asteraceae (sunflower) family. (Floristische Beobachtungen 2014 in Oberlausitz und Elbhügelland.). (Centaurea debeauxii Gren. It is native to Europe (Fig. Preferred Scientific Name. USDA-NRCS, 2015. Orfeo Crosa O, Bancheva S, 2006. collect. There are proposals to split this large genus (Greuter, 2003; Hellwig, 2004). Other possible insect natural enemies have been trialled/are being evaluated in the USA and Canada (Winston et al., 2014). CABI Compendium: Status inferred from regional distribution. While C. jacea and C. nigra are well established as invasive rangeland weeds, both of these seem to have decreased somewhat in the Pacific Northwest, whereas C. debeauxii has been increasing rapidly (Roché and Roché, 1991). Centaurea nigra subsp. The rose-purple flowers (occasionally white) are clustered in round heads about the size of a nickel. > 10°C, Cold average temp. 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Distribution data are likely to be incomplete due to under-recording. The scientific name for meadow knapweed has changed many times. Hogweed Heracleum sphondylium Herb-Robert Geranium robertianum Japanese knotweed Fallopia japonica Jointed rush Juncus articulatus Smooth meadow-grass Poa pratensis Knotweed sp. UK: Cambridge University Press. Seeds are relatively heavy and although they may possess a pappus (short bristles), they are not adapted to wind dispersal like a dandelion’s. Impacts: Meadow knapweed out-competes grasses and other pasture species, reducing grass productivity for forage though sheep find it quite edible. Invasive Plants in Pennsylvania: Black, Brown and Spotted Knapweed (PDF | 1.2 MB) Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide. Taxonomy of Centaurea is acknowledged to be difficult. New flora of the British Isles., UK: Cambridge University Press. 4. Nomenclature is perhaps more straightforward than taxonomy for C. debeauxii. Further introductions have since taken place. There is some risk of long-distance accidental introduction where seed contaminates other agricultural crops (included in seed crops such as lucerne). Ministry of Forests. Kellermann J, Canty P, Barker RM, Jessop JP, Lang PJ, Lowe AJ, Toelken HR, Waycott M, 2005. USDA-NRCS, 2015. It occurs predominantly in coastal Washington and Oregon, but is also found in moister, cooler habitats of the interior, e.g. [Tutin, T. G.; Heywood, V. H.; Burges, N. A.; Moore, D. M.; Valentine, D. H.; Walters, S. M.; Webb, D. A. : Flora Europaea. It was reportedly introduced to the UK in 1805 and its … Characteristics. Scientific name: Centaurea scabiosa. CEVO2: Centaurea vochinensis Bernh. Gallery: Common names: Meadow Knapweed Scientific Name: Centaurea x moncktonii (syns: C. pratensis, C. jacea x nigra, C.nigra var. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Meadow knapweed is a … Somewhat thistle-like, common knapweed can be identified by its slightly spherical black/brown flower head, growing alone, topped with an inflorescence of purple, pink or (more rarely) white. Stace C, 2010. In its native range C. debeauxii is often encountered as a plant of pastures and meadows: the species is quite tolerant of grazing (or mowing several times a year) and will easily produce flowers and seed on short stems near ground level where it cannot grow to full height (Miller and Lucero, 2014). Centaurea L. In: Flora Europaea, volume 4. Meadow knapweed is native to Europe and is likely a fertile hybrid between black (C. nigra L.) and brown (C. jacea L.) knapweeds. In natural and semi-natural plant communities, it threatens rarer endemics such as the rough popcorn flower (Plagiobothrys hirtus). However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. López-Alvarado J, Sáez L, Filigheddu R, Garcia-Jacas N, Susanna A, 2014. Current Extent: limited . Primary Common name: meadow knapweed . Viegi L, Vangelisti R, Pacini E, 2003. Taxonomic and nomenclatural revision of Centaurea subjacea (Asteraceae-Cardueae) and similar taxa. Common Name: Diffuse knapweed Scientific Name: Centaurea diffusa (Lam.) Meadow knapweed out-competes grasses and other pasture species and is difficult to … squarrosa, has a more limited distribu-tion in the West. The insect-pollinated, composite flowerheads of C. debeauxii are made up of 40-100 individual flowers (Keil and Ochsmann, 2006). Dispersal occurs as seed falls near the parent plant or is transported a short distance by wind, or by water in streamside habitats (Roché et al., 2003). UK: Oxford University Press. Its leaves are linear to lance-like in shape with incomplete lobes. Likelihood of Introduction: n/a (already in CA) TSN: 36956 . Leaves: Basal leaves are up to 6 inches (15.2 cm) long, tapering at both ends and having the broadest part above the middle of the leaf. Common Name Scientific Name. Scientific name is the name conforming to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN). Tifton, GA 31793. The Plant List: a working list of all plant species. ex Rchb. Each capitulum (flowerhead) is covered on the outside by scale-like rows of involucral bracts (phyllaries). Scientific Name Other Common Names; CEDET: Centaurea debeauxii Gren. & Godr. Roché CT, Roché BF Jr, 1991. Despite its invasive status, gardeners plant it as an ornamental or as a pollen source for honeybees. Optimal control is achieved with applications when plants are growing rapidly, from rosette to bolting stage, but treating regrowth in autumn is also effective. Meadow knapweed, from Europe, is a hybrid of black and brown knapweeds. This taxon is closely related and often recorded as an introduced species in the northern American flora; like some other taxa in this complex, it is debatable whether it should be recognized at the rank of species. C. debeauxii has probably been introduced to North America multiple times (Keil and Ochsmann, 2006), perhaps in shipping ballast and perhaps bringing the full genetic payload of a hybrid swarm (Susanna and Roché, 2011). The heads are solitary at the ends of the upper branches. 2360 Rainwater Road. Meadow Knapweed. How would I identify it? Meidinger D, Lee T, Douglas GW, Britton G, MacKenzie W, Qian H, 2004. Growth is openly branching, stems are slender and somewhat rough to the touch. Meadow Knapweed. Centaurea L section Phrygia Pers - Phylogeny and biogeography. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Species recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1. decipiens. It forms a rosette in the first autumn of growth before bolting the following spring. Roché CT, Johnson DE, Coombs E, 2003. A B 5 Descriptions adapted from Roche and Roche, 1993. The bracts of C. debeauxii are intermediate between its hybrid parents. The ornamentation on the edges of its bracts may be brown or tan in colour, and do not overlap the neighbouring bracts so as to obscure them fully (Stace, 2010). It may also be referred to as C. pratensis, C. nigrescens, C. x moncktonii, C. debeauxii ssp. Contact Details. 5 : Betony . The ragged-edged, purple flower heads of Greater knapweed bloom on sunny chalk grasslands and clifftops, and along woodland rides. Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae. The uppermost portion of flowering stems, just below the capitulum, is quite swollen in C. nigra and only slightly swollen in C. debeauxii (Stace, 2010) and the basal rosette leaves of C. debeauxii are often more deeply lobed than those of C. nigra. Meadow Knapweed. giant knapweed; Other Scientific Names. Cultivation followed by a “cleanup” crop of hay or a green manure (which may also be sprayed to control remaining C. debeauxii), followed by re-seeding with permanent forage species, is a viable option on agricultural land (DiTomaso, 2013). It is well adapted to western Washington, where it invades pastures, parks, lawns, industrial sites, tree farms, vacant lands, railroads and roadsides. http://plants.usda.gov/. Preferred Scientific Name; Centaurea debeauxii Preferred Common Name; meadow knapweed Taxonomic Tree; Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Dicotyledonae; Summary of Invasiveness In the Pacific Northwest, its distribution is expanding fast in damp meadows and riparian habitats (Roché and Roché, 1991). Scientific name: Centaurea pratensis Thuill. The basal rosette leaves are entire to deeply lobed and slightly hairy; stem leaves are small and without a stalk (sessile). Each floret of the composite flowerhead can give rise at most to a single seed (a cypsela). Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 12(1):61-77. http://revistas.inia.es/index.php/sjar/article/view/4617/2001. It is a fertile hybrid between brownray knapweed and lesser knapweed. Flora of South Australia., Adelaide, Australia: State Herbarium of South Australia. Stems: There are usually few to several stems with many branches. Appearance Centaurea x moncktonii is an herbaceous, perennial weed, living 3-5 years on average. Native To: Europe (Zouhar 2001) Date of U.S. Introduction: Late 1800s (Zouhar 2001) Means of Introduction: Accidentally through contaminated seed or ballast (Zouhar 2001) Impact: Crowds out native species … Delimiting species within Centaurea is often problematic due to its tendency to hybridize (Marsden-Jones and Turrill, 1954). by et al]. micranthos (Gugler) Hayek (ITIS) Synonym: Centaurea biebersteinii DC., Centaurea maculosa auct. ], [ed. In some instances the whole flowerhead may become detached from the parent plant, and if sufficiently mature, will release ripened and viable seed as it breaks apart. debeauxii (Godr. CABI is a registered EU trademark. ex Rchb.) Scientific name: Centaurea pratensis Thuill. Koch) Celak. New flora of the British Isles. Scientific name: Centaurea pratensis Thuill. thuilleri. As this hybrid can arise spontaneously wherever C. nigra and C. jacea occur together, and as it is morphologically quite similar to C. nigra and C. nigrescens, it may be under-recorded. Volume 4. […] Appearance Centaurea x moncktonii is an herbaceous, perennial weed, living 3-5 years on average. Some animal (including bird) dispersal may occur (diTomaso, 2013). Generate a print friendly version containing only the sections you need. Spotted knapweed, Centaurea stoebe, is perhaps the most wide-spread species, followed in abundance by diffuse knapweed, C. diffusa. Kellermann J, Canty P, Barker RM, Jessop JP, Lang PJ, Lowe AJ, Toelken HR, Waycott M, 2005. NRCS Code. Grass crop biomass is increased and weed biomass successfully reduced through treatments; both chemicals can be used pre-emergence as well as on growing plants (DiTomaso et al., 2013). Common Name Scientific Name (eflora link) Invasiveness Class 1 Baby's-breath Gypsophila paniculata Invasive 2 Bishop’s Goutweed Aegopodium podagraria Invasive 3 Black knapweed Centaurea nigra Extremely Invasive 4 Black medic Medicago lupulina Aggressive 5 Bladder campion Silene cucubalus Aggressive 6 Blueweed Echium vulgare Very Invasive Scientific Name: Centaurea x moncktonii (syns: C. pratensis, C. jacea x nigra, C.nigra var. Weed Control in Natural Areas in the Western United States., Weed Research and Information Center, University of California. C. debeauxii is considered a noxious weed in Alberta and British Columbia, Canada (Meidinger et al., 2004) and Washington, Idaho, Oregon and Colorado, USA (Keil and Ochsmann, 2006, diTomaso, 2013) and is expanding rapidly in the Pacific Northwest (Roché and Roché, 1991). & Gordon (Asteraceae, Cardueae), an European species, new for Uruguay. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Capitula may be rayed or rayless. © Copyright 2020 CAB International. A detailed overview of these insects as control agents, their identification in the field, and the stages at which they will attack knapweeds is provided in Wilson and Randall (2005). Application with a weed-wiper may be the best method in small areas: where a sprayer is used, patches of dead vegetation have to be re-seeded as these can otherwise be re-colonized from the seedbank (DiTomaso et al., 2013). radiata, C. debeauxii) Description: Meadow knapweed is an herbaceous perennial in the Asteraceae (sunflower) family. (Floristische Beobachtungen 2014 in Oberlausitz und Elbhügelland.). (Centaurea debeauxii Gren. It is native to Europe (Fig. Preferred Scientific Name. USDA-NRCS, 2015. Orfeo Crosa O, Bancheva S, 2006. collect. There are proposals to split this large genus (Greuter, 2003; Hellwig, 2004). Other possible insect natural enemies have been trialled/are being evaluated in the USA and Canada (Winston et al., 2014). CABI Compendium: Status inferred from regional distribution. While C. jacea and C. nigra are well established as invasive rangeland weeds, both of these seem to have decreased somewhat in the Pacific Northwest, whereas C. debeauxii has been increasing rapidly (Roché and Roché, 1991). Centaurea nigra subsp. The rose-purple flowers (occasionally white) are clustered in round heads about the size of a nickel. > 10°C, Cold average temp. 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meadow knapweed scientific name

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